The term gum disease refers to the infection of bones and tissues surrounding the teeth. The disease starts with mild growth of bacteria inside the mouth that may eventually lead to loss of teeth without proper treatment. According to the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, many adults in America suffer from some form of the disease. Which are the main types of gum disease?

There are primarily two types of gum disease that may range from simple inflammation of the gums to severe damage of the bones and tissues supporting the teeth, leading to loss of the teeth. The services of an emergency dentist, therefore, come in handy in treating the disease and stopping further damage.

The mouth is full of bacteria that combine with different things, including mucus, to form a colorless and sticky matter on the teeth known as plaque. 

Gingivitis

When plaque remains in the mouth for a long time, it solidifies to form tartar, which is too hard for brushing to remove. The hardened plaque leads to inflammation of the gums, a condition that is known as gingivitis. This is the mildest form of gum disease that causes swollen gums. The gums turn red and tend to bleed easily. However, the condition is not associated with any loss of tissue or bone that holds the teeth.

A variety of factors may lead to gingivitis, including:
• Genetic predisposition
• Hormonal fluctuations
• Puberty
• Smoking
• Substance abuse
• Inadequate nutrition
• Systemic diseases
• Diabetes
• HIV infection
• Aging
• Some types of medication

An emergency dentist can help you reverse the condition, and you will need to maintain proper dental hygiene, which includes regular brushing and flossing.

Periodontitis

Since gingivitis is not associated with pain, many people do not seek the services of an emergency dentist in time, leading to a condition known as periodontitis. Plaque and tartar spread below the gum line, and the bacteria they contain produce toxins that stimulate the body to turn against itself. The immune system starts fighting the condition, leading to chronic inflammation as the connective tissues and bones are broken down.

Pockets form between the teeth and gums, creating a conducive environment for bacteria to grow. The pockets become infected and get deeper, leading to further damage of the tissues and bones. The condition usually manifests relatively mild symptoms, and the affected teeth may become so loose that they have to be removed.

The most common forms of periodontitis include:

• Chronic periodontitis, which is the most common form. Although it can affect people of all ages, it is most common among adults.
• Aggressive periodontitis that affects clinically healthy patients
• Necrotizing periodontal disease that normally affects people with such systemic conditions as immunosuppression, malnutrition and HIV infection

The form of periodontitis linked to systemic conditions like diabetes, respiratory disease and heart disease typically starts at a young age.

If you are in Sacramento, then our emergency dentist services will help you treat your gum disease. Sacramento Emergency Dental Care is committed to the well-being of each patient. The residents in Sacramento can enjoy same-day relief irrespective of time.